Know Your Rights

WHAT IF A POLICE OFFICER ASKS ME A QUESTION?

• You are never obligated to answer any questions.
• However, Ohio law requires you to identify yourself if:
  • (1) You are suspected of a crime; or
  • (2) You are a witness to a felony.
• Loudly & clearly ask, “Am I legally required to identify myself?”
• If the answer is yes, ONLY then are you obligated provide:
  • Legal name, Date of Birth, and Address
  • If you refuse to identify yourself in those situations, you can be arrested.
• You are not required to give a statement about anything that you witnessed or are suspected of.
• You are not required to show a photo ID unless you are driving a vehicle.

WHAT IF I AM STOPPED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT?

• Stay calm and ask if you are being detained.
  • If the answer is no, you are free to leave.
  • If the answer is yes, you must stay but are not obligated to answer any questions.
• Loudly & clearly state, “I am going to remain silent” and then remain silent – even if officers continue to speak to you.
  • Be aware that law enforcement can lie to you to coerce you into speaking.

WHAT IF A POLICE OFFICER ASKS TO SEARCH MY BELONGINGS?

• You are not obligated to consent to a search.
  • Loudly & clearly state, “I do not consent to a search.“
• However:
  • If the officer has a search warrant, or in certain situations only probable cause, to conduct the search, they do not need to ask your permission.
  • If you are being detained, officers may conduct a brief over-the-clothes pat down to check for weapons.

FIRST AMENDMENT ISSUES:

• Streets, sidewalks, and parks are generally considered public forums for free speech activity and generally do not require a permit.
• However, protests that block traffic or involve amplified sound often require a permit.
• Some universities have rules about use of space that may be used against protestors.